The finless porpoise in the dolphin museum of Institute of Aquatic Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Zhang Xianfeng

Zhang Xianfeng, researcher of Institute of Aquatic Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and curator of the Museum of Aquatic Biology.

Recently, the video of playing and jumping on the Yangtze River in Wuhan became popular on the Internet. For a time, people became more interested and curious about the finless porpoise known as the "smiling angel" and "Yangtze Giant Panda". How many finless porpoises are there now? Where do the finless porpoises live the most? Why do Wuhan people especially like finless porpoises? Is it alarmist to say that it will disappear in the next 15 years? What are the latest national policies and measures for the protection of finless porpoises? On the 26th, our reporter interviewed Zhang Xianfeng, a researcher at the Institute of Aquatic Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences and director of the Museum of Aquatic Biology.

Q: What does the finless porpoise look like? How many are there now? Where do the finless porpoises live the most in Hubei?

A: The Yangtze finless porpoise is a rare animal unique to the Yangtze River basin in China, which is only distributed in the mainstream of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and in Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake. They are lead-gray or taupe, generally about 1.3 meters long, and the longest can reach 1.9 meters, which looks like dolphins. The head is round, the posture is smooth, and the curved corners of the mouth are raised like a charming "smile", which is affectionately called "smiling angel".

At present, according to the classification of IUCN Red Book on Endangered Species, the Yangtze finless porpoise is an "extremely endangered" species. In 2017, the results of ecological scientific investigation of Yangtze finless porpoise showed that its wild population was about 1012. In Hubei Province, there are more than 80 in Swan Island National Nature Reserve of the Yangtze River and about 20 in Hewangmiao Provincial Nature Reserve of Jianli.

Q: What are the interesting habits of finless porpoises?

A: The Yangtze finless porpoise is similar to human beings. The gestation period is about 11-12 months, and the peak of littering is from May to September every year, with one litter per litter. They live by eating fish, like to move in groups, and can send out ultrasonic signals that people can hardly hear, including two types: high-frequency pulse signals and low-frequency continuous signals.

The finless porpoise is lively and very naughty. It often runs up and down in the water, and its body keeps rolling, jumping, nodding, spraying water and suddenly turning. When swimming upright, two-thirds of the body is exposed to the water, and the posture perpendicular to the water can last for several seconds. In the past, people could see finless porpoises along the Yangtze River ferry in Wuhan. They liked to follow the boat closely, ride the waves, spit and jump playfully. I think this is why Wuhan people like it very much.

Q: It is reported that the finless porpoise will disappear in the next 15 years.

A: There are only about a thousand Yangtze finless porpoises left, which seems to be a lot. In fact, after careful analysis, there are very few adults who can reproduce. At present, the Yangtze finless porpoise is an extremely endangered species. In 2013, it was listed as "extremely endangered" species in the IUCN Red Book of Endangered Species.

The reason why 15 years will disappear is that scientists use a mathematical model called "vortex model" to simulate and calculate. This push is strictly defined and assumed. If we don’t take any protective measures, the finless porpoise may disappear from us like the baiji in 15 years. If we take active and effective protective measures, this result will be delayed or even won’t appear.

Q: What has been done to protect the finless porpoise in recent years?

A: The Yangtze finless porpoise Protection Action Plan (2016-2025) drafted by the Institute of Hydrobiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and issued by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs is being actively implemented. The protection situation and protection network of the Yangtze finless porpoise have been formed. Eight nature reserves of different levels have been built in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the two great lakes. At present, the first ex-situ population of Yangtze finless porpoise in China, which is located in Tianezhou Baiji Dolphin National Nature Reserve, Hubei Province, has increased from the initial introduction of 5, and later introduced some individuals as "founders", mainly through the reproduction of these "founders", to about 80; The whole ex-situ conservation population of Yangtze finless porpoise has reached about 120, and about 10 young porpoises are born every year. The ex-situ conservation has achieved initial results. At the same time, the research on the reproduction of Yangtze finless porpoise in artificial environment has successfully propagated individuals, and accumulated rich research results and technologies, which has continuously provided important technical support for the nature protection of Yangtze finless porpoise.

Recently, the State Forestry and Grassland Bureau and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs publicly solicited opinions on the List of National Key Protected Wild Animals (Draft for Comment). Among them, the Yangtze finless porpoise is planned to be upgraded to a national first-class protected species. In fact, as early as many years ago, we managed the Yangtze finless porpoise according to the national first-class protected species standards.

Q: How do ordinary citizens participate in the protection of finless porpoises?

A: To protect the Yangtze River and its biodiversity, Wuhan citizens can start from the small things around them, visit museums and breeding houses with rare animals, and enhance their awareness of rare animals and protection through various information channels. You can also participate in some specific and easy-to-operate biological and environmental protection activities, such as joining volunteer organizations, salvaging lake garbage, disposing of wastes, and cracking down on illegal fishing. In addition, in daily life, we should save water, travel green, do not interfere with the lives of animals, do not buy or eat protected animals, and insist on garbage sorting.

Reporter Dai Hongbing Correspondent Li Fang Yu Haitao Sun Hui

Cenmou, former director of Ding ‘an County Organs Administration Bureau

　　Can’t bear to pester, kill mistresses and dump bodies in Nanli Lake.

　　Together with his friend Xu, they were arrested yesterday by Ding ‘an County Procuratorate on suspicion of intentional homicide.

　　Female cook found female body near Nanlihu Reservoir.

　　At 10: 00 a.m. on January 6th, a female chef who cooked for workers went to the reservoir to fetch water for washing vegetables at a flood dike site near Nanlihu Reservoir in Juding Town, Ding ‘an County (Hainan), and found a female corpse tightly bound by nylon feed bags, rubber ropes and other things. The female chef immediately called a worker to salvage the female body. Subsequently, everyone called 110.

　　Who the hell is Jane doe? On the afternoon of the same day, a middle-aged man surnamed Chen in Leiming Town, Ding ‘an County rushed to the crime scene to report to the police handling the case that his 24-year-old daughter had never returned after going out more than 10 days ago. In the first few days, my daughter’s phone was always unanswered, and then I couldn’t get through. I heard that the female body was found in Nanlihu Reservoir, and he quickly came to identify it. After carefully identifying the appearance, clothes and other characteristics of the deceased, the middle-aged man surnamed Chen said that the victim woman might be his daughter.

　　Identification

　　The victim is a director’s mistress

　　Is the victim the daughter of a middle-aged man named Chen who came to identify her? The police in Ding ‘an asked the middle-aged man surnamed Chen to call his wife. Through DNA identification, the young woman was identified as Chen Mou, the daughter of the middle-aged man surnamed Chen.

　　How did Chen Mou die, and why was he murdered and dumped? The middle-aged man surnamed Chen then reported to the police of the task force that his daughter Chen Mou had been kept by Cen, the director of Ding ‘an County Organ Affairs Administration, for a long time. They were lovers and had a house in qiongshan district Town, Haikou City.

　　This clue has attracted the attention of the police of the task force. By reading Chen Mou’s phone records before his death, the police of the task force found that a phone number appeared frequently. It is confirmed that this number is the mobile phone number of the director of the Ding ‘an County Organs Administration Bureau. Finally, the suspect was identified.

　　How did Cen and Chen Mou get to know each other, and how did they develop into lovers?

　　The reporter learned that at the end of 2003, Cenmou, then deputy director of Ding ‘an County Public Security Bureau, was introduced to Chen Mou, who worked as a waiter in a hotel in Dingcheng town. Since then, the two often meet for tea and chat. At the beginning of 2004, Cen and Chen Mou developed into lovers. In September, 2006, Chen Mou gave birth to a daughter for Cen, who paid for a commercial house in Fucheng, Haikou, where Chen Mou and her children lived.

　　Several ladies who are familiar with Chen Mou told reporters that Chen Mou is 24 years old, about 1.55 meters tall, with white skin and good looks. Since being kept by Cen, Chen Mou has no proper occupation, and often goes to hotels and tea shops in Dingcheng County, and loves drinking tea and playing mahjong.

　　Unbearable harassment

　　The director is afraid that mistresses will affect his career.

　　The 47-year-old Cen is a native of Hanlin Town, Ding ‘an County, with a height of about 1.7 meters. After graduating from Guangdong Police Academy, he joined the Pre-trial Unit of Ding ‘an County Public Security Bureau. Because of his excellent work, he was quickly promoted to the head of the pre-trial unit, during which he served as assistant to the director. Ten years ago, Cen was promoted to be the deputy director of the Public Security Bureau in charge of public security work. Two months before the incident, in October 2008, Cen was transferred from the post of Deputy Director of Ding ‘an County Public Security Bureau to the post of Director of Ding ‘an County Organs Administration Bureau.

　　Cenmou originally had a happy family, his wife worked in a hospital and his son was in college.

　　After being arrested by the public security organs, Zou confessed to his crimes. Why did Cen kill Chen Mou? Cen confessed that his relationship with his wife has always been very good, because Chen Mou often found various reasons to make noise and called him to threaten him. He felt that Chen Mou had affected his family harmony and seriously threatened his career. So, he decided to find someone to "kill" Chen Mou.

　　On February 17th, Ding ‘an County Public Security Bureau handed over the case to Ding ‘an County Procuratorate for intentional homicide. On February 24, Zou and Xu were arrested by Ding ‘an County Procuratorate on suspicion of intentional homicide for jointly killing and dumping bodies in Nanli Lake.

　　Hatred comes from resentment.

　　Mistress threatened to kill her lover.

　　Why did the lover cause such a big "threat" to Cen, so that Cen moved the murder?

　　At the beginning of 2004, Cen and Chen Mou developed into lovers, and at the end of 2005, Chen Mou became pregnant. Cen asked Chen Mou to have an abortion, but Chen Mou refused and gave birth to a girl without telling Cen in September 2006. Therefore, Chen Mou asked Cen to consider the future life of his mother and daughter. Cen was very annoyed, but he still agreed to Chen Mou’s request and paid for a commercial house in Fucheng for Chen Mou and his children to live in.

　　Chen Mou is moody and often quarrels with Cen because of trivial matters, which makes Cen very disgusted. In October 2008, after Cen was transferred from the deputy director of Ding ‘an County Public Security Bureau to the director of Ding ‘an County Organs Administration Bureau, he rarely had time to visit Chen Mou and often did not answer Chen’s phone calls. Chen Mou resented and hated, and repeatedly called his cell phone to harass and threaten Cen.

　　Unbearable, Zou repeatedly complained to his friend, 41-year-old Xu, who opened a restaurant near Nanlihu Yinwan Hotel, and threatened in front of Xu that Chen would "kill" her if this continued.

　　At 6 o’clock in the afternoon on December 18th, 2008, Chen Mou waited for Cen outside the government building in Ding ‘an County, and asked Cen to go back to her home in Fucheng. Cenmou immediately drove his unit car to Haikou, followed by Chen Mou. On the highway, Chen Mou chased Cen at high speed and called Cen’s mobile phone, threatening to kill Cen. Zou was very scared at the time and moved to kill.

　　Meet with friends

　　Kill the mistress in the car

　　At 8 o’clock on the evening of December 18th, 2008, Cenmou and Chen Mou walked out of the house together after dinner. Cen was going back to Ding ‘an, and Chen Mou got on Cen’s car. On the way, Cen was very angry when he remembered the scene on the highway in the afternoon, and decided to "kill" Chen Mou. Subsequently, Zou dialed Xu’s mobile phone and asked where he was. When he learned that Xu was drinking tea at Nanlihu Yinwan Hotel, he asked him to wait at the hotel.

　　At 10 o’clock that evening, Zou drove outside the lobby of Yinwan Hotel and dialed Xu’s mobile phone again. On the phone, Cen told Xu that Chen Mou wanted to kill him with a car and asked Xu to help him kill Chen Mou. Xu agreed, and immediately went downstairs to Cen’s car and sat in the middle of the back seat, while Chen Mou was sitting in the passenger seat.

　　When the car drove to a dark place about ten meters away from the gate of Xu Hotel, Xu moved from the middle of the seat to the back of Chen Mou’s seat, grabbed Chen Mou’s neck from behind with his right hand, and pressed Chen Mou’s left shoulder hard with his left hand.

　　Chen Mou’s body swung from side to side to resist. When Xu saw that he couldn’t control Chen Mou, he let go of Chen Mou’s right hand and pulled Chen Mou’s head down in the middle of the front seat with his left hand. Zou immediately held the steering wheel with his left hand and grabbed Chen’s neck with his right hand. Chen Mou struggled desperately, his right foot on the door glass. Xu was worried that Chen Mou would be noticed when he kicked the front door glass on the right side of the car. He quickly hugged Chen Mou’s right foot with his right hand and pulled it to the back seat of the car.

　　Strangled his mistress with a belt and dumped her body in Nanli Lake.

　　When the car drove to the front of the overflow dam of Nanli Lake, Cen saw that there was no one around, stopped the car and turned off the lights. Cenmou let Xu use a belt to pull Chen Mou, Xu said he was powerless and couldn’t make a move, and Cenmou let Xu strangle Chen Mou with his hand. When Xu reached out his left hand to cover Chen Mou’s mouth, Chen Mou bit the ring finger of his left hand. When Cen saw this, he got off the bus, got on the bus from the left back door and closed the door. In the car, he held Chen Mou’s neck with his left knee, and at the same time, he took off his belt and pulled Chen Mou hard. Xu held Chen Mou’s body and feet on the right. About ten minutes later, Chen Mou didn’t move.

　　After Chen Mou was strangled by Cen and Xu, they got off to have a rest and discussed how to dispose of the body. Zou said to bury it with soil, but Xu said that he didn’t have the strength to dig a hole and suggested throwing it into the water for the fish to eat. Cen agreed, and the two men found a net bag, a car inner tube, a nylon feed bag, a rubber rope, a cement block, etc., and tied Chen Mou’s body and sank it into Nanli Lake.

　　Forensic identification by Ding ‘an Public Security Bureau showed that Chen Mou died of mechanical asphyxia after being blocked by someone’s mouth and nose.

　　At present, the case is under further investigation. (Source: Nanhai Net-Hainan Special Zone Daily Author: Luo Xiaoning correspondent Huo Dongcheng)

Editor: Liu Zhongbo

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